People with diabetes used to only be able to determine how they are doing by recording their blood glucose readings with finger sticks. Technology has advanced a lot in recent years with tools like continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and A1C tests to provide a broader indication of how the body is processing insulin, food, and daily activities. Here’s what you need to know about the A1C and what it means for you.

What Does the A1C Measure?

Your A1C is a measurement of the percentage of blood sugar that is attached to the hemoglobin in your red blood cells. An A1C lower than 5.7 indicates normal blood sugar levels.

Levels between 5.7 and 6.4 percent indicate prediabetes among patients. An A1C of 6.5 or greater indicates diabetes. Additionally, your A1C is a good indicator of how well you’re controlling your diabetes.

Why is the A1C so Important?

While a blood glucose test provides an instant snapshot in time of how well your blood sugar is doing, an A1C provides an average level over a three-month period. This helps physicians generate more accurate treatment plans to help patients avoid many of the serious complications related to diabetes.

The general goal for people with diabetes is to have an A1C of 7 or less. Your specific goal may vary according to other health factors such as previous A1C levels, activity levels, and your age.